The origin of the church dates back to the early 16th century and is connected to the founding of the Hospital of Saint Anthony the Abbot by the will of Giovanni, Marco, and Marsilio Casalini. From this early period are the altars dedicated to Saint Anthony the Abbot and that of Saints Lucia, Sebastian, and Roch. In 1542, the entire complex was transferred to the Conventual Dominicans who transformed it into a convent; subsequently, during the first half of the 1600s, the choir, the altar dedicated to Saint Liberale, and a chapel dedicated to Saint Anthony the Abbot located across from that of the Casalini family were built.
Abandoned in 1770, the convent and the church were seized by the state; the convent was converted into a barracks until 1857 and then demolished to make way for the covered market, while the church was reopened for worship.
Its uniqueness lies in having a single lateral prospect visible from the outside, which effectively represents its façade.
